redis 的安装使用

要使用redis我们首先要安装这个软件。下面，我们说说redis的安装过程：

首先，我们要将redis安装包下载回来，截止本文写时，redis官网发布的最新版本为4.0.11。当然，我们也可以从这里下载 redis-4.0.11.tar.gz 和 redis-4.0.11.tar.gz.md5。推荐从redis官网下载最新版本。

$ cd /home/hewentian/ProjectD/
$ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.11.tar.gz

// 验证下载文件的完整性，在下载的时候要将MD5文件或者SHA256文件也下载回来
$ md5sum -c redis-4.0.11.tar.gz.md5 
redis-4.0.11.tar.gz: OK

$ tar xzf redis-4.0.11.tar.gz
$ cd redis-4.0.11/
$ make

After building Redis, it is a good idea to test it using:

$ make test

// 如果见到下面的结果，证明我们已经成功安装
\o/ All tests passed without errors!

下面的内容摘自${REDIS_HOME}/README.md

Running Redis

To run Redis with the default configuration just type:

$ cd src
$ ./redis-server

If you want to provide your redis.conf, you have to run it using an additional
parameter (the path of the configuration file):

$ cd src
$ ./redis-server /path/to/redis.conf

It is possible to alter the Redis configuration by passing parameters directly
as options using the command line. Examples:

$ ./redis-server --port 9999 --slaveof 127.0.0.1 6379
$ ./redis-server /etc/redis/6379.conf --loglevel debug

All the options in redis.conf are also supported as options using the command
line, with exactly the same name.

Playing with Redis

You can use redis-cli to play with Redis. Start a redis-server instance,
then in another terminal try the following:

$ cd src
$ ./redis-cli    # 如果需要连接到指定的redis可以使用：-h {IP_ADDRESS}参数，如：./redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1
redis> ping
PONG
redis> set foo bar
OK
redis> get foo
"bar"
redis> incr mycounter
(integer) 1
redis> incr mycounter
(integer) 2
redis>

You can find the list of all the available commands at http://redis.io/commands.

注意：启动Redis服务器的时候，请务必指定它的配置文件，否则有可能会出现意想不到的情况。

为Redis设置登录密码

为Redis设置登录密码的方法比较简单，打开${REDIS_HOME}/redis.conf文件，找到requirepass foobared这一行，如下：

################################## SECURITY ###################################

# Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other
# commands.  This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
# others with access to the host running redis-server.
#
# This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
# people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
#
# Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to
# 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should
# use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break.
#
# requirepass foobared

将requirepass foobared的注释打开，并把foobared设置成自己的密码即可，如将其设为abc123：

requirepass abc123

保存文件，并重启Redis。

在使用客户端登录的时候，将使用如下命令：

$ cd src
$ ./redis-cli -a abc123

或者使用下面的方式更安全
$ cd src
$ ./redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> AUTH abc123
OK

一些常规配置

$ vi {REDIS_HOME}/redis.conf

pidfile /home/hewentian/db/redis/redis.pid
logfile /home/hewentian/db/redis/logs/redis.log
dir /home/hewentian/db/redis/data
daemonize yes                       # 是否以后台进程运行
bind 127.0.0.1 redis.hewentian.com  # 127.0.0.1只能在本机访问，如果要在外网访问，要配置多一个地址，用空格隔开